The incipient cavitation number was evaluated for chamfered orifices with single phase computational. Training natural gas orifice measurement technicians meeting the demand mark b. Eccentricalb bored plates are plates with the orifice off center. The program can be used to calculate orifice plates. Depending on the service, these seals are made of nitrile, tfe, or stainless steel. In fact, this allows squareedged orifice plates to be used for measuring bidirectional flow rates where the fluid flow direction reverses itself from time to time. Venturi meter and orifice plate effects are two main and very important phenomenas in fuild mechanics sub field of mechanical engineering.
Orifice plates are used between orifice flanges and are part of an orifice meters. Rangeability of orifice plates comes around 4 to 1. Orifice plate definition of orifice plate by merriamwebster. The meter consists of the following elements see figure 11. To determine the coefficient of discharge of the orifice meter 1. The upstream side of the orifice plate usually has a sharp, square edge facing into the flow stream. Eccentric for liquids containing solid particles that are likely to sediment or for vapors likely to deposit water condensate, this orifice plate is used with its eccentric bore bottom flush with the bottom of the piping inside. When sizing orifice plates, some new rules of thumb can be applied to significantly improve orifice plate turndown and accuracy, while gaining extended measurement range, in most applications.
Training natural gas orifice measurement technicians 0114. The anechoic termination assured that the measured impedance was due to the orifice and surrounding plate alone. Both the sides and the floor of this box should be set outward from the orifice a distance of at least two times the height of the orifice. The simplest form of orifice plate consists of a thin metal sheet, having in it a square. A submerged orifice structure is shown in figure 8. Standard orifice plates have a 45 bevel that is machined on the bore hole periphery. There is no parts list and there is no recommended. Orifice plates series orc flow type orifice plates bore diameter as specified by customer w t o. Apr 01, 2016 applications of orifice meter the concentric orifice plate is used to measure flow rates of pure fluids and has a wide applicability as it has been standardized.
When a fluid passes through an orifice plate that is installed in a pipeline, it limits or restricts the fluid flow and the fluid thus is forced to converge and pass. It is based on proven technology, has no moving parts and is suitable for hightemperature and highpressure applications. Eccentric orifice plates are used in marw in including heavy and light chemicals. The standard material of construction is 316 stainless steel. L 1877macweld 6229353 24 lougar avenue, sarnia, ontario n7s 5n7. This is beneficial in order to reduce noise and protect downstream equipment. When a fluid whether liquid or gaseous passes through the orifice, its pressure builds up slightly upstream of the orifice. The orifice plate is basically a thin metal plate 1. As an option, the customers tag information can also be included. Orifice plate, orifice flange model flcop, flcfl, flcac. Orifice flange, model flcfl annular chamber, model flcac. It reduces flow and pressure from the upstream side to the downstream side.
Orifice flange unions the original orifice plate holding device was the orifice flange union figure 3. The orifice under consideration was circular diameter 0. Flowcalc32 ce is a windows orifice plate sizing program for calculation of various differential pressure flow measurement devices. Paddle type orifice plates series 520 series 520 the paddle type orifice plate series 520 is designed for use between orfice flange unions. Orifice flanges feature pairs of pressure tappings which are machined directly into the orifice flange.
Diflerential pressure flow meters are used in many technical applications. The square edge on the hole in an orifice plate helps to minimize contact with the fastmoving fluid stream going through the hole. A box is provided downstream from the orifice to protect unlined canals from erosion. Orifice plates are the simplest type of primary flow elements. Orifice sizing principles an orifice meter is a device used for measuring the rate of fluid flow. White ptfe solid gaskets are animalderived ingredient free and meet usp class iv, ep 3.
An orifice meter consists of a flat plate that has a sharpedged hole accurately machined in it and placed concentrically in a pipe as shown in figure 12. At lower reynolds numbers, the discharge coefficient of square edge orifice plate may change by as much as 30%. Orifice plates provide the most reliable and accurate flow measurement for gas, liquid and steam, across a verity of industries. This is a thin, flat circular plate with a circular hole concentric to the pipe. This has the advantage of dispensing with any orifice carriers or pressure tappings in the pipe wall. Box 999, 645 keddco street, sarnia, ontario n7t 7k6 telephone 519 3362960 fax 519 3443181 4120 78. Iso 22476 2 2005, read pressure loss of orifice plates according to iso 51671, flow measurement and instrumentation on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for free file pdf book iso 5167 3 download at perfect pdf book library. Qi z 2010 head loss coefficient of orifice plate energy dissipator journal of. Restriction orifice plates and critical flow devices. Orifice plates, venturis and nozzles all provide a simple means of inducing a pressure drop to the fundamental relation u k h 0. Small side has a sharp edge and the edge should face upstream to the flow. Orifice flow calculation data sheet calculating an orifice diameter it is difficult to accurately calculate the flow of a gas or liquid through a tiny orifice due to the effect of the leading edge of the orifice. Acoustic absorption characteristics of an orifice with a. Orifi ce plates are manufactured in strict accordance to aga, isa, asme, api, and iso standards.
To order drilled orifice plates, please contact us. The impact of the orifice plate deformation on the differential pressure value article pdf available in the european physical journal conferences 45. The sizing of multiholes orifice plates is achieved in our design office with the same software as the one used for sharpedge orifice plates. This is the most common tap configuration and is recognized by the latest aga specifications. Model 5 720 calibrated orifice flow meters are desig ned for measurin g flows of air or g ases at pressures up to 100 psig and temperatures to 700 of. The rtj plates joins an integral gasket oval or octagonal ring for mounting between rtj flanges. This issimply a metal plate with a hole in the middle for fluid to flow through.
The orifice plate s provided were designed and manufactured specifically for this project. The simplest design of orifice plate is the squareedged, concentric orifice. The point where the fluid flow profile constricts to a minimum crosssectional area after. This is generally the most commonly used type of orifice plate with the orifice bore positioned along the pipe centreline. Daniel, flange union, daniel industries orifice plate created date. The working of orifice plates is based on the bernoullis principle which provides a direct relationship between the fluid liquid or gas pressure and its velocity. Plates can be ordered in standard stainless steel or optional monel. System dynamics p 9 catalogue orifice plates ring type joint orifice plate rating and line size inches ring number diameter p dimension w dimension x dimension y diameter z. Orifice plates, sanitary white ptfe solid standard. Plate size and thickness orifice plates are available in. Each orifice plate has model number and orifice diameter stamped on tab for easy identification and selection. Orifice plate, model flcop orifice flange, model flcfl. Of all the pressurebased flow elements in existence, the most common is the orifice plate.
Rtj plates have no moving parts and are suitable for high temperature and pressure applications. Markings all plates are marked with the line size, material of construction, bore size, reference temperature, and heat lot number. Jan 02, 2016 squareedged orifice plates may be installed in either direction, since the orifice plate appears exactly the same from either direction of fluid approach. When designing and configuring orifice plates, there are several factors which must be followed to ensure accurate and reliable measurement. Orifice plates, sanitary standard orifice plates gvc. Avco controls orifice plates avco manufactures orifi ce plates from 1496 in line size. Their bore diameter is calculated to generate the specified diflerential pressure at full scale flow rate. An option to purchase on some transmitters, and there is an orifice inside the tube that connects the high side cavity to the low side cavity.
All nuflo orifice plates are traceable to a mill test report. Line sizes 210 require a removable orifi ce plate seal. In this post the effect of venturi meter and orifice plate. Part 2 of iso 5167 specifies orifice plates, iso 5167 2 orifice plates pdf. To ensure that the orifice is submerged or to cut off the.
Description of the orifice flange for the mounting of orifice plates or flow nozzles, instead of pipe flanges, special orifice flanges are used. A differential manometer is connected at both upstream and downstream side of the flow. Orifice plates are the most important and critical component when measuring flow rate by differential pressure. Iso5167 standard the multiholes orifice plate is a nonstandardized flow element but is designed and manufactured according to iso5167 standard requirements.
Aga3 download compute and measure orifice plates for gas and liquid. Download information about different types of orifice plates with hub connections. Orifice plates are manufactured to stringent guidelines and tolerances for flatness bore diameter, surface finish, and imperfections in machining such as nicks and wire edges on the bore. These conical entrance orifice plates are used for low reynolds number in the range of 80 to 2000 and give more constant or predictable discharge coefficient. They are basically a small tube that you can mount directly to the differential pressure transmitter. Types of orifice plates the typical designs of orifice plates are. This handle is designed to facilitate storage of the plate without damage to the orifice bore.
An orifice meter is a device used for measuring the rate of fluid flow. Orifice plate free download as powerpoint presentation. The line size, flange rating, orfice bore, and plate material is stamped on the handle. Orifice plates and plate sealing units miquelon meter. Orifice plate definition is a disk containing a calibrated circular hole bolted between two abutting pipe flanges to regulate flow. At lower reynolds numbers, the discharge coefficient of square edge orifice plate. An orifice plate is a thin plate with a hole in it, which is usually placed in a pipe. The beta or diameter ratios of concentric orifice plates range from 0. The rtj type orifice plate incorporates an integral gasket, either oval or octagonal ring, for mounting between ring type joint flanges. The orifice plate is described as a thin plate and with sharp edge, because the thickness of the plate material is small compared with the internal diameter of the measuring aperture bore and because the upstream edge of the measuring aperture is sharp and square. Orifice information is stamped on the unique handle. Unless otherwise specified, the plates will be beveled to the smaller of 150 of the line id or 18 of the orifice bore. A restriction orifice plate is a device used to restrict flow.
By continuing to use the site, you agree to our privacy and cookie policy. An orifice plate holder consisting of a set of orifice flanges or an orifice. Anorifice plateis a device used for measuring flow rate, for reducing pressure or for restricting flow in the latter two cases it is often called a restriction plate. Orifice plates flow measuring instruments for industrial. Principal components of a single chamber orifice fitting. Orifice plates are suggested for clean and dirty liquids and a few slurry services.
Pdf the impact of the orifice plate deformation on the. This can be accomplished for the cost and effort of revising the calculation, buying a new orifice plate, and reconfiguring the transmitter, activities. Corner tapstaps located at the face of the orifice plate normally used in the line sizes smaller than 2. Sometimes a drain or vent hole is provided where plates meet the pipe to avoid accumulation gas and air bubbles in the tube. Consists of onepiece ss orifice plates shaped to fit the contour.
Either a volumetric or mass flow rate may be determined, depending on the calculation associated with the orifice plate. Integral orifice plates are another type of orifice plate used for low flow rates. The maximum velocity and minimum static pressure occurs. Pair a meriam orifice plate with an orifice flange to provide a convenient, accurate method for installing orifice plates. Details of the software products used to create this pdf file can be found in the general info relative to the. Line sizes 12 and above require the seal to be vulcanized to the o. With established standards for manufacturing, macweld orifice plates perform reliably under the most challenging installation and process conditions.
Restriction orifice plates as the headline implies two main types of flow limitation exist. For those who want to use an orifice plate or a venturi tube the standard iso. Standard orifice plates, bunan black orifice plates, epdm black orifice plates, viton black orifice plates, silicone platinum orifice plates, ptfe white orifice plates, ptfe white solid orific. Universal type orifice plate the universal type orifi ce plate is designed to be used in an orifi ce fi tting. Flow metering company ltd acknowledge the demanding requirements of both customer and industry standards. It uses the same principle as a venturi nozzle, namely bernoullis principle which says that there is a relationship between. Head loss coefficient through sharpedged orifices hesso valais.
A number of special designs are available, including counter bores to limit the plateedge thickness with no bevel. The followingis an overview of primary orifice metering equipment. Calculation of expansibility factor of gas at its flow. Pair this up with an orifice flange to provide a convenient, accurate method for installing orifice plates. A standard orifice plate has a bevel or cone shape. As primary flow elements, orifice plates repre sent the most common solution. The bore oftheeccentric orifice normally isinscribad in a circle thatis of the pipe diameter. Daniel, flange union, daniel industries orifice plate. This type of orifice plate is manufactured by machining a precise, straight hole in the middle of a thin metal plate. Orifice flanges are one of the most economical means of measuring flow, and daniel orifice flanges are manufactured to be the most accurate. The orifice plate is a relatively inexpensive component of the orifice flow meter. In red you will find an orifice calculation, feel free to substitute this numbers with your own ones. Orifice ports are accurately machin ed f or precision measur ements. By default, the calculator will show an orifice plate calculation example.
As liquid flows through the pipe, the flow suddenly contracts as it approaches the orifice and then suddenly expands after the orifice. The types of orifice plates include concentric, eccentric, segmental, quartercircle and square orifice plate, etc 2. Standard paddletype plates are also available for use in daniel. As the headline implies two main types of flow limitation exist. For orifice plates, pressure loss is medium and it mainly depends upon the area ratio. The plate is similar to the type 500 orifice plate but has a 2in. Types of orifice plates advantages and disadvantages. In the case of a sharpedged orifice, the effective diameter is 0. The eccentric and segmental orifice plates are used to measure flow rates of fluids containing suspended materials such as solids, oil mixed with water and wet steam. Therefore we only employ state of the art manufacturing, iso 9001 quality control and skilled craftsmanship to exceed these. Orifice plates cover a wide range of applications of fluid and operating conditions. One type is the restriction orifice plate, which in construction and calculation follows the orifice plate, i. Practical guidelines for specifying orifice fittings.
Orifice plates are recommended for clean liquids, gases and lowvelocity steam flows. Orifice plates are most commonly used primary elements for flow measurement in pipelines based on the principle of measurement of differential pressure created when an obstruction is placed in the fluid flow, due to increase in fluid velocity. Surge tank orifices allow introducing head losses between a surge tank and the. An orifice meter is a fluid flow measuring device that produces a differential pressure to infer flow rate. Squareedged orifice plates may be installed in either direction, since the orifice plate. Characterization of hydraulic behavior of orifices. The orifice plate flow detector is the simplest of the flowpath restrictions used in flow detection, as well as the most economical. Looking at a side view of a squareedged concentric orifice plate reveals sharp edges 90 o corners at the hole. Orifice plates are typically sandwiched between two flanges of a pipe joint, allowing for easy installation and removal. Single chamber orifice fittings are used if frequent orifice plate changes are required and if the flow to the orifice. Either a certificate of conformance or a lot traceable certificate is available upon request at time of order.
Orifice plate flow measurement civil engineering free. The stamping on the orifice plate should also face upstream. The concentric orifice plate flow meter has a sharp squareedged concentric bore that provides an almost pure line contact between the plate and the fluid, with negligible friction drag at the boundary. Installation study of effect on orifice plate 1 palani s, 2 deljin kuriackose, 3 shanmugan s and 4 ganapathy srinivasan r 1 associate professor, department. Orifice plates are most commonly used primary elements for flow measurement in pipelines based on the principle of measurement of differential pressure. Fillman, chief operating officer david woods, vp technical services coastal flow field services, inc. A text label printed on the paddle of any orifice plate customarily identifies the upstream side of that plate. Orifice plates typically have an accuracy of 2 to 4% of full scale. Orifice plates and venturi tubes michael readerharris springer.